Are not these referred to as the "canons of statutory construction"?
In article <412CFCA6.5B2CE17D@sprintmail.com>, ronnirubin@sprintmail.com
says...
Michelle wrote:
"The expression of one thing is the exclusion of another."
Actually discredited in legal terms.
" ... it is known by its associates. The meaning of a word
is known from the accompanying words."
"Of the same kind."
http://lega-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com gives as an
example, when a list of items is given, and then the document
(law, contract, will, etc.) specifies "and others", then the
"and others" are restricted to items of the same kind as
those enumerated.
(If you're trying to extend this to the idiocy on misc.taxes,
it doesn't work. Those laws actually say "all income, including...",
rather than giving a list of items, and then say "and other income".)